Automatic lineaments detection using radar and optical data with an emphasis on geologic and tectonic implications: a case study of Kabul block, Southeast Afghanistan

The earth’s surface linear features, expressing geological lineaments, play a key role in identifying hydrothermal alteration and mineralization zones, as well understanding tectonic settings of region. objective this investigation is to utilize method for extracting lineaments automatically, which will be integrated applied identify geological-based by making use remote sensing data. study further examine the structural pattern temporal-spatial evolution establish their connection with primary active faults present Kabul block. Multi-sensor data from radar (DEM (Digital Elevation Model)-5m, Sentinel-1 GRD (Ground Range Detected)) optical sensors (Sentinel-2 MSI (Multispectral Instrument) ASTER) were processed using spatial spectral filters before automatic lineament extraction. LINE-module algorithm was various illuminated hill-shades DEM-5m, filtered HH (Horizonal-Horizonal) VH (Vertical-Horizontal) Sentinel-1GRD PC1 (Principle Component) Sentinel-2MSI, ASTER detect features. Extensive testing conducted verify accuracy extracted exclude any artificial area. results compared while taking into consideration area select most appropriate lineaments. DEM-5m showed best result these found highly correlated previously available final analyzed. trend predominantly NW-SE NE-SW directions, consistent other Temporal distribution reveal that high density associated Paleogene Quaternary formations, low observed Proterozoic, Paleozoic, Mesozoic formations. west southwest edges block are controlled compressive stress trending NNW-SSE, north southeast margins influenced ∼ N-S stress.